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"Guangzhou TV Classroom" was fully launched yesterday. "New Flower City" provided five ways to broadcast live and play back the epidemic prevention "Don’t herd sheep". On March 9, the "Guangzhou TV Classroom" was launched by Guangzhou Education Bureau. Students can watch it through TV, computer, mobile terminal and other channels. The courses of 11 grades are all online in "New Flower City", providing live broadcast and playback. High-quality teaching quality and clear and stable sound and picture effects have been widely recognized by teachers, students and parents, which has played a good role in supporting online education in Guangzhou. At the same time, Guangzhou Smart Education Public Service Platform has released five online education resources, which are not only synchronized with the "Guangzhou TV Classroom", but also famous class examples and quality education micro-classrooms. So, what about the online classroom where famous teachers gather? The reporter takes you to find out! The Guangdong Provincial Department of Education issued a notice on online education arrangements, requiring primary and secondary schools in the province to carry out online education from March 2; Colleges and secondary vocational schools launched online education in March, and students did not return to school. "Online education can’t be delayed for a moment", the Guangzhou education system was moved at the news. The Party branch of Guangzhou Education Information Center convened representatives of party member and the masses to gather wisdom to tackle key problems, and set up a platform resource allocation group, a course recording support group and a foreign communication coordination group to coordinate and organize teachers to develop and record online courses in strict accordance with the principle of "same grade, same schedule and same instructor". They fought continuously and made contingency plans.Implement operational guarantees. Excellent teachers from Guangya, Zhixin, No.2 Middle School, No.6 Middle School, Tieyi, Guangfu, Xiehe and other municipal schools recorded the "Guangzhou TV Classroom" in Grade One and Grade Two, realizing the sharing of quality education resources in the whole city. In this process, the Guangzhou Municipal Education Bureau plays an overall role, the municipal teaching and research institute carefully designs courses to guide school teachers to prepare lessons collectively, and municipal schools are brave enough to take responsibility and actively participate, and are responsible according to the division of disciplines. As for the most concerned third grade, the teaching progress is controlled by each school according to its own actual situation. The school mainly strengthens attendance management and teaching management to ensure the learning effect through recording and broadcasting classes, live classes, online Q&A and personalized counseling. Online classes also focus on all-round development of primary school students to attend classes at home. The Guangzhou Municipal Education Bureau requires that the daily online education time for primary schools should not exceed 2 hours in principle, that for junior high schools and senior high schools (including secondary vocational schools) should not exceed 3 hours in principle, and that the teaching time for online course teachers in each period should not exceed 20 minutes in principle. Online education adheres to "five educations simultaneously". Taking the primary school curriculum as an example, TV classes include not only subjects such as language, mathematics and English, but also physical education and health, morality and rule of law, comprehensive practical activities, science, art and mental health education. In the middle, there are also time for eye exercises and free reading to promote the all-round development of children’s morality, intelligence, physique and beauty. The latest batch of online resources, in addition to synchronizing with the "Guangzhou TV Classroom", has also added a "quality education micro-classroom" to provide quality education content such as sports, art and labor.Further cultivate students’ abilities of healthy life, aesthetic appreciation and labor practice. At the same time, the platform interface has been revised, so that students can choose courses such as "Guangzhou TV Classroom", "Guangzhou Famous Lessons" and "Quality Education Column" more clearly, and students can choose flexibly according to their own needs. The smooth, efficient and high-quality development of online education in Guangzhou this time depends on the attention paid to improving teachers’ informatization literacy and application level in recent years. In recent years, 1.15 million teachers have participated in the training, and the participation rate is 100%, which has promoted the deep integration of teachers’ information technology and education and teaching, and laid the foundation for the smooth development of online education during the epidemic prevention period. On February 17th, teachers’ online education skills upgrading courses were deployed in the whole city, focusing on the application of online education software platform, strategy research, the construction and management of online learning space, and 232 high-quality training courses from 16 categories such as "National Training Plan" and "Information Technology Application Ability Improvement Project" were launched. At present, the number of courses clicked has reached more than 20,000 times. At the same time, by issuing proposals to municipal education experts, famous principals and famous teachers’ studio hosts, we will guide the hosts to actively learn and master online education tools and actively explore new forms of online training. "One person, one policy" to ensure a lot of families with difficulties, how to ensure that children’s online education does not fall behind? From March 4th, the city started the "one newspaper a day" system, which fully covered and accurately grasped the online education conditions of each student in each school, the distribution of students’ families and the number of school-age children in the family.For students with financial difficulties, improve the working mechanism, establish a ledger, and do a good job in the online education condition guarantee solution according to "one person, one policy". Organize a comprehensive investigation and verification of needy families (including provincial schools in Guangzhou). Specially set up a hotline and e-mail box to receive consultation from students or parents who have difficulties. The Municipal Education Bureau strengthens the overall planning of work. The municipal schools are in charge of the Municipal Education Bureau, and the schools belonging to all districts are mainly in charge of the districts. Municipal schools have achieved 100% coverage of online learning conditions on March 4. District-owned schools actively seek the support of local party committees and governments by district education bureaus, actively coordinate poverty alleviation, civil affairs and other relevant departments, mobilize social forces such as education foundations, distribute terminal equipment for students who lack online learning network equipment and have financial difficulties in their families, negotiate with local operators to solve the problem of online education flow reduction for students with difficulties, and provide support for online education for students. In order to ensure that students’ difficulties can be reflected in time and solved effectively in the process of online education, the Municipal Education Bureau has specially opened and published a consultation hotline and email address to strengthen online learning guidance and psychological counseling for students. Students are required to establish a learning assistance system after returning to school, conduct individualized counseling, and do a good job of connecting online education with back-to-school learning to ensure that no student is left behind. In the process of promoting implementation, efforts should be made to coordinate the resources of all parties so that no child is left behind. According to statistics, as of 16: 00 on March 7th, among the more than 1.63 million students in the city, 6,743 students from poor families who do not have online learning conditions have achieved 100% problem solving.The online class is on! The "New Flower City" course with fresh fun and high participation is very smooth. Students participate in online classes on home tablets. Considering that during the epidemic period, the environment of primary and secondary school students in the city may be limited by various hardware, "New Flower City" provides classroom live broadcast and playback services in five ways, including mobile phones, tablets and PCs. As long as there is a network, it is convenient to watch courses. Guangzhou Daily took the initiative to shoot most of the courses in the fifth and sixth grades of "Guangzhou TV Classroom". In order to let students and parents have a deeper understanding of online classes, Guangzhou Daily and Xinhuacheng made course announcements in the form of posters, short videos and online questions and answers from famous teachers, which were well received by students. "Our class is forwarding the notice of’ New Flower City’, and many of them are famous teachers in the district, and they are very much looking forward to the course," said Ms. Chen, a parent of Lvcui Primary School in Haizhu District. Some teachers said that in recent days, many colleagues and classmates have forwarded the notice and instructions for the use of the "New Flower City" course. "There are still more than a dozen children in my class in other places. According to the feedback from parents, it is smoother to log in to the" New Flower City "by computer." "Today, I feel that the experience of’ New Flower City’ is very good, especially the playback was launched shortly after the end of the course, and the playback was very smooth." Qu Ying, principal of Xianliedong Primary School in Tianhe District, told reporters that the launch of online courses is a learning and upgrading process for both students and teachers. Students study hard through "Guangzhou TV Classroom". Bi Yulian, vice principal of Xinhua Street No.5 Primary School in Huadu District, said that quite a few students use the "New Flower City"APP learning, you can enter the live page with a few simple clicks, which is simple to operate and easy to use. Zhong Wenhai, vice president of Kuang Weiyu Memorial Middle School, said that many of the "Guangzhou TV Classroom" courses are the crystallization of collective preparation by famous teachers, and the classroom content and teaching level are relatively high. He suggested that since offline tutors can’t know the course content in advance, it is suggested to open the viewing rights to teachers in advance, so that offline teachers can better prepare lessons before class and arrange after-class exercises, thus improving the teaching effect. "Compared with several platforms, the’ New Flower City ‘APP has a smoother viewing." Lin Jialing, director of the guidance office of Nancun Agile Primary School, said that she had just started using another platform, and there were some jams in the middle, so she changed to the new flower city platform and found that the effect was very good, so she used it until the end. "I also recommended the’ New Flower City’ platform to other teachers in the school." Zhou Hongbing, deputy director of the Education Guidance Center in Shiqiao District, Panyu District, said that with the full preparation of the education department and the school, students and parents gave good feedback to the "Guangzhou TV Classroom". The relevant person in charge of the Education Bureau of Conghua District specially recommended the course review function of "New Flower City". Through playback learning, it can ensure that every student does not fall behind. After the course is over, the teacher of Xining Primary School pushes the link of classroom playback to parents, so that students can learn something new by playing back the classroom. The relevant person in charge of the Tianhe District Education Bureau said, "Now many parents have already gone to work and may need their children to learn by themselves. We hope that parents can have more benign interactions with their children through playback after work. "Students’ "double-qualification" counseling and repeated learning in advance can "have a 20-minute online class for a short period of time, and their eyes will not be tired. The teacher speaks brilliantly, and you can watch the playback if you don’t understand." Zhu Weihao, a fifth-grade student at Jingxi Primary School in Baiyun District, said, "After class, our teacher also carefully corrects our homework and answers questions for us online, so the’ double-teacher’ learning method is quite good." Not only do students learn something, but parents also feel that they have benefited a lot. Zhu Weihao’s mother, Ms. Zeng, is also a math teacher. She said that the online sharing of these excellent and high-quality courses created by famous teachers’ teaching and research teams will help teachers learn from each other, inspire, promote and improve. Yuexiu District is rich in educational resources, and implements the "three-in-one" mode of self-study by students at home, online guidance by famous teachers and online assistance by schools. Give full play to the advantages of teachers and education informatization, deploy in time, provide rich and well-made "air classroom" with the careful organization of teaching and research personnel in various disciplines and the technical support of education information center, implement dual-teacher guidance, and provide online tutoring every day, so as to build an excellent platform for teachers and students to exchange learning and collide ideas. "The child is looking forward to the 20-minute online discussion with teachers and classmates every day. He said that some students didn’t like to ask questions in class online before, but they were more active online. Everyone discussed it enthusiastically and the teacher would answer questions in time." Ms. Qin, a parent of Dongchuan Road Primary School in Yuexiu District, said that online communication makes children feel fresh and fun, with high participation, which is conducive to knowledge absorption. Students watch TV classes at home.The relevant person in charge of Zengcheng Education Bureau said that all schools in Zengcheng actively do a good job in online teaching. In addition to watching online classes such as "Guangzhou TV Classroom", teachers of all schools also communicate with students and study guidance through communication tools. "I used to hope to finish class early, but now I hope the teacher can drag the hall more." The 20-minute online course made Chen Sijing, a first-year student in Yicai Campus, No.4 Middle School in Liwan District, feel unfinished. Teacher Wu Bibo, the lecturer of the Chinese course in the ninth day of junior high school, is her Chinese teacher. The vivid explanations of the ancient poems "Bamboo Pavilion" and "Smelling Flute in Los Angeles on a Spring Night" made Chen feel cordial and familiar. Liwan District has customized new requirements for online courses. With the encouragement and inspiration of teaching and research staff, the teachers in front of the camera changed from serious lectures at the beginning, not daring to change their expressions to more smiles, richer body language and appeal. You can’t let students fall behind and open a hotline to answer questions for parents and watch "Guangzhou TV Classroom". You can’t let a student fall behind. This is the consensus of the education departments in all districts of Guangzhou. Huangpu District Education Bureau organized all schools in the whole district to check the conditions of students’ participation in online education in advance and verify them one by one. At the same time, it cooperated with the district civil affairs department to focus on the families of poor students with low-income or low-income families, families stranded in Hubei and families with foreign household registration studying in this district. Schools also hold parent-teacher conferences to guide the operation of relevant curriculum platforms online. For individual older parents, the teacher gives online one-on-one guidance on how to operate. At 9: 00 am on March 9, Qin Shaoyu, the principal of Canglian Primary School, visited the students’ homes.On-site guidance for parents to watch "Guangzhou TV Classroom" on their mobile phones. In view of the students stranded in Hubei who have no access to the Internet, school teachers arrange reading, review and consolidation tasks by telephone and text messages. In order to let parents and students better understand and understand the arrangement of online education in Nansha District, and ensure the smooth development of online education for teachers and students in Nansha. The Education Bureau of Nansha District has also specially carried out the "Online Education Special Question Answering Activity". Online education answering activities are mainly carried out through "hotline" and "scanning code to leave a message". Parents’ consultation questions mainly involve online teaching schedule and online teaching course quality, and they are all answered one by one. According to the person in charge of the Education Guidance Center of Zhong Luotan Town, Baiyun District, there are 86 children in the town who have difficulties in online learning. With the joint efforts of all parties, all the online learning problems of 86 children have been solved by various methods, such as helping to sign up for the network, donating equipment, providing on-site technical support and guiding their use. The message version of "New Flower City" by parents of students has a good learning effect, and the experience of the elderly is also very good. Kangkang has never had a TV set at home. "For this online education, our whole family has installed a new flower city, and the elderly at home have also installed it." Kangkang’s father, Mr. Li, said with a smile. For the sake of children’s eyesight, he is given a computer class at home, with a bigger screen and good learning effect. Mr. Li said that the new flower city has both a mobile terminal and a computer terminal, which has solved the big problem of dual employees. Mr. Li and his wife have to go to work during the day, and their children’s online learning is basically supervised by the elderly.The new flower city is easy to operate and the experience of the elderly is very friendly. More importantly, the computer can also control the network. After class, when adults turn off the network, they don’t have to worry about their children being addicted to the network. -Kangkang, a fourth-grade student of Nonglinxia Road Primary School, and his family Li Qingxuan were accompanied by their father at home yesterday. In order to attend the class smoothly, the family specially downloaded the client of New Flower City for her in advance, and she also logged in to practice on the ipad many times to get familiar with the class path. Li Qingxuan’s mother Du Yishan is the vice-principal in charge of teaching at Jiangxia Primary School in Baiyun District, Guangzhou. On the 9th, the Guangzhou TV class in the primary school officially started. She returned to school to stand by on duty and paid attention to her daughter’s class at home. "It’s smooth and easy to operate." Du Yushan said that shortly after the end of the course, she received a push message from the client of Xinhuacheng on her mobile phone, reminding her that the course could be replayed. She immediately asked the teachers in each class to forward it to the parents and told them that they could watch the replay if they missed it. "There are online courses such as Huayang Micro-class and Provincial Classroom on the client of Xinhuacheng, which are good resources for children or peers." She said. —— Li Qingxuan, a sixth-grade student of Guang Yuan Primary School in Baiyun District, and his family and teachers changed to "anchor" and the class group changed to "idolize". In order to get up early to prepare for class, Wu Peixuan specially set the alarm clock the night before the class started. At home, the "special area" for her class in the living room was specially arranged in advance, and the class equipment was also debugged in advance. "The children are looking forward to class, and they have waited too long." Wu Peixuan’s mother, Ms. Fan, introduced,The children were even more proud and excited when they heard that it was their favorite head teacher, Mr. Hu Hua, who gave the first Chinese lesson to the fifth-grade children in the city the afternoon before the class started. The class group was also very "boiling" and turned into a large-scale "idolize" scene. "Teacher Hu’s class is wonderful! How attractive! The teacher must have spent a lot of time preparing lessons. Thank you! Hard work! " After accompanying her daughter to finish the first Chinese class, Ms. Fan lamented. —— Wu Peixuan, a fifth-grade student at Guang Yuan Primary School in Baiyun District, and her family Chen Chuqing know that the teachers they know will also appear on TV to give classes for everyone. She feels very cordial and is particularly looking forward to the class. "Because the course can be played back, our parents are much more flexible in handling it." Chen Chuqing’s mother, Ms. Li, said that because the Guangzhou Tuodi course has a playback function, in case the children don’t watch the live broadcast in a certain class, they can find time to watch the playback again, so that parents and students can have a bottom in their hearts. -Chen Chuqing, a sixth-grade student of Peiying School in Pingsha, Guangzhou, and his family had a "cloud reminder". Parents bandu were more relaxed. On the morning of the 9th, many children adjusted their work and rest and got ready for class early. Pan Diyang put on his school uniform and red scarf, and attended the online flag-raising ceremony organized by the school before the class started. Later, he did morning reading according to the teacher’s request. Class begins at 9: 20. During the time of thinking and practicing after class, the children read aloud and practiced calligraphy under the online guidance of their teachers. The teachers of Huayang Primary School watched the "Guangzhou TV Classroom" with the children. In the course of class,The teacher will remind the supervisor of the precautions among the parents. "Please bring your children to read aloud with the teacher." "Children should not just sit and listen, but think and take notes." These reminders are passed on to the children through the parents who accompany the class. —— Pan Diyang, a second-grade student of Marshal House Primary School, is well prepared for the class. In order to make online education go smoothly, many primary schools held online parent-teacher conferences in advance to introduce the precautions to parents and children in detail. According to the timetable of primary and secondary schools in Guangzhou, Sports East Education Group adopts the teaching method of "double-teacher cooperation" which combines "TV teacher" with "micro-lesson guidance" and "live teaching" of teachers in this class. In order to avoid the information interference and confusion brought to parents by the multi-disciplinary study instructions sent continuously before the class starts, the school guides the class to make overall arrangements, so that the subject teachers can summarize the daily study instructions, clarify the use of the platform and matters needing attention, ensure that the instructions are simple and clear, minimize the students’ hectic learning process, and achieve "guidance in hand, no panic before class". According to Ms. Liao, Deng Xinhao’s mother, since the school stopped studying, the children’s school has made sufficient preparations to let the children adapt to the online class in advance, and now the children can learn the new courses seamlessly. -Deng Xinhao, a second-year student of the primary school affiliated to South China Agricultural University, and his family.

　　Cctv newsOn November 24, 2019, the first medical insurance code in China was activated in Jinan City, Shandong Province, marking the official entry of medical treatment and drug purchase into the era of "one code". Up to now, the medical insurance code has been launched for four years, with more than 1 billion users nationwide and more than 800,000 designated medical institutions. Recently, the National Medical Insurance Bureau held a press conference to introduce the development of medical insurance codes.

　　What is the medical insurance code?

　　The medical insurance code is a unified information identification issued by the National Medical Insurance Bureau for the insured. According to the relevant person in charge, the medical insurance code is a popular term for medical insurance in electronic certificate. It supports people to see a doctor and buy medicines and handle medical insurance business across regions and channels without relying on a physical ID card.

　　In 2020, the medical insurance code was included in the electronic certificate database of the national integrated online government service platform, which completed the docking with the unified identity authentication system of the national government service platform and realized the activation and use of the national government service platform APP, WeChat, Alipay, mobile banking and other channels.

　　In 2022, with the nationwide unified medical insurance information platform fully launched as an opportunity, the national medical insurance system extensively explored and promoted the online and offline application of medical insurance codes, constantly enriched the application scenarios, and supported the use of medical insurance codes to handle related businesses in all scenarios requiring identity verification and medical insurance settlement, thus realizing the whole process application of medical insurance codes.

　　How does the medical insurance code facilitate our life?

　　"Cross-provincial general office" runs less errands. With the advantages of cross-regional use in the whole country, the medical insurance code helps the masses to handle medical records in different places online and directly settle accounts offline.

　　Internet plus enjoys the handheld service. In order to meet the needs of multi-level and personalized consultation, the medical insurance department has launched a number of "internet plus medical insurance services", such as online consultation, one-click prescription renewal, follow-up dispensing, online settlement, and drug delivery to the home, so as to better meet the needs of the people for medical treatment and drug purchase.

　　See a doctor and buy medicine in one code. It is understood that the application of the medical insurance code in the whole scene and process is one of the key tasks of the medical insurance department this year, which promotes the use of the medical insurance code from being available only in the settlement link to being available in the whole process of appointment registration, check-in, diagnosis and treatment, report inquiry, and pharmacy taking medicine.

　　At present, the cooperation channels of medical insurance codes include Internet platforms, commercial banks and designated medical institutions, with a total of 234.

　　Xie Zhangshu, deputy director of the Department of Finance and Regulation of the National Medical Insurance Bureau, said: "We also see that some medical institutions still have the situation that the medical insurance code cannot be used in the whole process. Next, the medical insurance department will continue to optimize and improve the application scenarios of medical insurance codes, continuously optimize and simplify various services, introduce more service applications that people need and love, and continuously improve ‘ Medical insurance code, one-code communication ’ The gold content, continue to clean up the medical insurance code ‘ Full scene communication, full process communication and national communication ’ The dead corner of work, better performance ‘ China medical insurance, life-long protection ’ Commitment mission. "

　　Hypertension is not only an increase in blood pressure, but also a headache and dizziness. The biggest harm of hypertension is the damage to key organs such as heart, brain and kidney, as well as blood vessels of the whole body. Once the following four kinds of symptoms or signs are found, it may mean that some organs have problems, so you should seek medical attention and make diagnosis and treatment in time.

　　1. Palpitation, chest pain and edema of lower limbs: If palpitation occurs, you should pay attention to whether tachycardia, atrial fibrillation and premature beats have occurred; Chest pain suggests coronary heart disease, angina pectoris and even aortic dissection; Lower extremity edema should pay attention to whether there is heart failure, and the side effects of some drugs can also be manifested as swelling of the ankle.

　　2. Dizziness, dizziness, blurred vision, upper and lower limb dyskinesia or numbness: When these symptoms appear, you should be alert to whether cerebrovascular disease or fundus artery disease has occurred, which are common complications of hypertension.

　　3. Eyelid swelling, nocturia, hematuria or foam urine: It suggests that renal lesions may have occurred. Hypertension that is not well controlled all the year round is easy to damage the kidneys.

　　4. The blood pressure of the upper arms on both sides is much different or the foot hurts after walking for a long time: the former usually means arterial stenosis of the upper limbs; The foot pain after walking for a long time will be relieved after a short rest, which is probably the result of stenosis of lower extremity arteries. ▲

Yulin, Yangguang. com, December 14 (Reporter Hou Kaiqi) "Wubao is not big, it is all gully." Along the winding Yellow River, deep into the hinterland of northern Shaanxi, a small town along the Yellow River, built on the water, is presented to people with a unique historical vein and cultural essence, and a "rich" landscape of cultural tourism integration and industrial prosperity has quietly appeared in Wubao.

Wubao section along the yellow scenery (photo courtesy of the Propaganda Department of Wubao County Committee issued by Yangguang. com)

New life in the city, creating a "small town model" for cultural co-prosperity

The reporter drove nearly 40 kilometers from the county seat to Sigou Village, Zhangjiashan Town, which is the hometown of famous writer Liu Qing. Crossing the gate of literature, a picture of literature slowly unfolds-the Liuqing Cultural Park, with the gate of literature, Liuqing Literature Museum, Liuqing Former Residence, Liuqing Private School and Liuqing Academy as the main body, bears the roots of northern Shaanxi literature in this small town.

The Liuqing Cultural Park consists of 77-hole kiln in northern Shaanxi. In the bright cave, the literary works and manuscripts of writer Liu Qing in all stages of his life and some precious manuscripts of contemporary Shaanxi writers are displayed. Remarkably, writers from all over the country expressed their admiration for Mr. Liu Qing. "Since the park was completed and opened in July 2020, it has attracted more than 200,000 tourists from all over the country to study and understand Liu Qing’s spirit of" going deep into the grassroots and keeping close to the times "." Xue Wei, the commentator of Liuqing Cultural Park, introduced it to you.

Exhibition of some literary works by the famous writer Liu Qing (photo by Yang Guangwang and Xiong Hui)

It is understood that since its construction, Liuqing Cultural Park has made active use of 176 idle and abandoned caves in Sigou Village, with a total rent and land acquisition of 1.62 million yuan, which has driven more than 150 people to work and promoted the people to increase their income by more than 3.1 million yuan. At present, it provides 17 jobs, and the live broadcast of agricultural assistance and research tours has brought benefits of 116,000 yuan to the village collective economy.

Standing on the cliff side of Sigou Village, the "two-way rush" of vast mountains and rivers and humanistic aesthetic education gave birth to the spiritual home of "Literature Shaanxi Army", which also allowed culture to infiltrate people’s lives and inject strong vitality into rural revitalization.

If we say that culture has given this small town a long history, then the incessant Yellow River water tells the story of days of our lives, the red revolutionary period when President Mao Zedong crossed the Yellow River.

Dongdu Scenic Area of the Yellow River (Photo courtesy of the Propaganda Department of Wubao County Committee issued by Yangguang. com)

On March 23, 1948, Chairman Mao’s last stop in northern Shaanxi was to cross the Yellow River from Wubaocha to Shangchuankou Village and leave northern Shaanxi. Chairman Mao’s Dongdu Yellow River Memorial Hall contains precious film materials during the course of Chairman Mao’s Dongdu Yellow River crossing and his move to northern Shaanxi, so that visitors can experience that extraordinary time personally.

Nowadays, the double charm of red feelings and natural scenery is slowly spreading in the Dongdu Scenic Area of the Yellow River. Along the sightseeing road along the Yellow River, Kawaguchi Village has become an important red tourist attraction and patriotic education base on this north-south tourist corridor, and it has also made Wubao a small town of the Yellow River that "stores" red cultural stories.

Deep integration, promoting the cultural tourism industry into the "fast lane"

"Wubao Shicheng is the first stone city in China with the most complete preservation, long architectural history and high cultural relics value in China. It is surrounded by water on three sides, the terrain is dangerous, it is easy to defend but difficult to attack, just like an iron wall, so it is called’ Tongwu Fort’. " Li Jiaxin, the commentator of Wubao Shicheng Scenic Area, introduced it to you.

Wubao Shicheng Scenic Area (Photo courtesy of the Propaganda Department of Wubao County Committee issued by Yangguang. com)

Covering an area of 90,000 square meters, Wubao Shicheng, relying on the historical "monument" of the ancient county town for thousands of years, has continuously enriched the tourism format of the scenic spot, and launched a brand-new experience mode integrating the display of military equipment culture and game experience. Visitors can experience the military parade, sergeant competition, archery, war game experience, script killing and other projects by wearing mysterious clothes and heavy armor, and feel the charm of military equipment culture on the spot, so that they can look back at the gold in the legendary Shicheng.

Wubao Shicheng Scenic Area (Photo courtesy of the Propaganda Department of Wubao County Committee issued by Yangguang. com)

Xu Yuxi, head of the county’s cultural investment company, said: "Next year, we plan to continue to increase the excavation and operation of the film and television production base and the core scenic spot of Shicheng with the armament culture as the core, and strive to improve the comprehensive service quality of tourism, so as to inject new kinetic energy into the industry for the sustainable development and growth of wubu county."

The natural hot spring project covering an area of 124 mu in Henggou Village, Koujiayuan Town, about 11 kilometers away from Shicheng, Wubao, has brought remarkable comprehensive economic benefits to the promotion of cultural tourism industry projects in Wubao.

With extremely rare sulfur mineral resources, Henggou Hot Spring has become a "unique" hot spring in northern Shaanxi. The sulfur mineral spring is rich in 48 kinds of minerals and trace elements, which is the original gift from nature to Wubao. In 2023, Wubao Henggou Hot Spring was rated as "high-quality rare hot spring" in the national hot spring tourism spring quality rating.

Climbing the city wall, accompanied by the sound of the Yellow River, watching the hot springs gush … Many natural ecological landscapes and historical and cultural landscapes complement each other, and Wubao, which is in the process of urban renewal, is full of timeless and endless new vitality, making it more livable, suitable for business and suitable for traveling.

Industrial revitalization, noodles pull out the "golden thread" of villagers’ income.

"There is no sound insulation across the mountain and water, and a pair of dried noodles has tied two hearts." This song "Three Noodles Worship Heaven and Earth" is an episode from the film "A Handmade Noodles" made by wubu county. In recent years, hand-made hollow dried noodles, as one of the main industries in wubu county, have become the "main grasper" to promote industrial revitalization and promote people to get rich.

At 8: 30 in the morning, grinding noodles, mixing noodles, waking noodles, rubbing strips, and topping … In the "Noodles Brother" processing factory in Qianmiaoshan Village, Songjiachuan Sub-district Office, wubu county, the sound of machines rumbling in the modern noodle production workshop came one after another, and more than 30 women were making a batch of hollow noodles with quick hands and feet, and the rich wheat fragrance came to the sight, showing a busy production scene. Zhang Runqing, a villager, has put on his work clothes, dust-free hat, mask and cuff, and sat in front of the work station and started a day’s work.

"The factory is built at the door of the house, and there is a rush to get rich." While busy with the work at hand, Zhang Runqing said, "I used to work outside, but now the factory near my home is open. I can earn 100 yuan a day and more than 3,000 yuan a month. I didn’t expect that one day I could live a happy life with this skill without going far away!"

The staff is using the machine to rub the noodles (photo by Xiong Hui from Yangguang. com)

In recent years, Wubao has promoted the interest linkage mechanism of "leading enterprises+village collective economy+farmers", embedded farmers in the industrial chain through the forms of asset shareholding, factory employment and order acquisition, and distributed the income to relevant village collective economic cooperation organizations in the form of guaranteed dividends. "Our noodle processing factory can drive more than 40 surrounding villagers to find jobs, with a minimum salary of 3,000 yuan and a maximum salary of 8,500 yuan." Guo Rongliang, general manager of Wubao Noodles Ge Agricultural Products Development Co., Ltd. said.

"At present, we are actively exploring the standardization and large-scale production of handmade noodles. We want to move traditional family practices into factories, carry out digital and standardized production, avoid craft differentiation, and restore the taste of’ home’ with machines." Guo Rongliang introduced. "We also focus on innovative research and development of hanging fabric bags, and have created a variety of convenient noodles that meet the tastes and aesthetics of young people, such as dolphin bone hollow noodles and braised beef hollow noodles, so that young people can eat conveniently and healthily."

At present, there are more than 100 households with about 500 people engaged in noodle production in Wubao, and there are more than 10 noodle production enterprises, with an annual output of more than 6,500 tons and an output value of more than 85 million yuan. At the same time, actively build a regional public brand of "Men Wubao", develop a variety of special handmade hollow noodles such as carrots, spinach, wormwood and pitaya, and shoot a film "A Handmade Noodles" and a documentary "Looking for a Handmade Noodles" to further enhance the popularity and reputation of Wubao handmade hollow noodles, and increase the income for the masses with a Handmade Noodles.

One dried noodle stands a "snow-white harp" on the vast loess plateau, and silver silk pours under the light and shadow. Eat a bowl of light Wubao noodles without losing its true taste, and "taste" a bowl of rough but silky "rich fragrance".

Enjoy old age, and wisdom can enhance people’s happiness.

When you are tired, you can enjoy instrument massage, wear a smart bracelet, call with one button, and monitor your blood pressure without leaving home … Nowadays, more and more rural elderly people in Wubao live such a "tidal life".

Walking into the health hut in Henggou Village, the resident doctors in the village clinic are monitoring blood pressure for the 88-year-old Dong Ruquan by checking the smart bracelet. "The operation of this bracelet is very simple. You can monitor data such as heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature and steps by clicking a button. If there is any abnormality, the bracelet will issue an early warning and notify the family members and us in time, so that treatment measures can be taken at the first time."

In the health hut in Henggou Village, the resident doctor is checking the body for the elderly (photo by reporter Hou Kaiqi from Yangguang. com)

"There are 100 villages in Wubao, with a total of 1,326 smart bracelets worn by the elderly over 60 years old, so that the elderly can be tracked and monitored intelligently, so that the lives of the elderly can be guaranteed and their children can rest assured. Each village is equipped with a village doctor. If the elderly have sudden diseases, we can contact county and municipal hospitals for treatment at any time. " Yang Ruiping, director of the Minimum Living Security Center of wubu county Civil Affairs Bureau, introduced.

At 5 o’clock in the afternoon, in the Happiness Hospital of Dongzhuang Village, 84-year-old Wang Zengmin and his "old friends" had dinner together in the canteen, and they started a family conversation with reporters. "There are many kinds of food in the canteen. As long as one yuan is used for each meal, you can still eat well and feel very happy and satisfied!" Wang Zengmin said happily.

In recent years, wubu county has focused on "construction, management and service" and established a multi-level service pattern for the aged, which is based on home, supported by villages (communities) and supplemented by institutions, providing a strong guarantee for the elderly to realize their sense of security and hold up their happy dreams.

"At present, there are 62 elderly people in Dongzhuang Village Happiness Hospital who dine here for a long time. At the same time, they are equipped with basic medical facilities, provide free physical examination for the elderly, provide day care services, celebrate their birthdays every month, and create a healthy and happy’ retirement circle’ for the elderly." Wang Yanjun, secretary of the Party branch of Dongzhuang Village, introduced.

The Loess Plateau is picturesque, and the Yellow River has nine bends and eighteen bends. Wubao people used the development and changes along the banks of the Yellow River to make vivid annotations for "deeply excavating the times value contained in the Yellow River culture and telling the story of the Yellow River well", and the story of the prosperity and take-off of rural villages also surged with vitality along the rushing Yellow River water.

While we are still struggling whether to replace the old wireless router at home, wireless technology is accelerating. Driven by the upstream enterprises led by chip manufacturers such as Qualcomm, Broadcom and Quantenna,802.11ax wireless chips supporting the next generation wireless standard have appeared one after another, and even the first router supporting this wireless standard has been released, which makes the evolution path of WLAN (wireless local area network) standard to the sixth generation more clear and real.

The 6th generation Wi-Fi is finally approaching.

802.11g/n helps Wi-Fi dominate.

When it comes to wireless standards, from the initial 802.11a, 802.11b to 802.11g, 802.11n, and 802.11ac, which is gradually becoming the mainstream, every new wireless standard change will become a "highlight" of Wi-Fi performance evolution.

Among them, the two standards, 802.11g and 802.11n, have a wide influence and a long application time span. It has been 14 years since the 802.11g wireless standard appeared in 2003, but it is only in recent years that it was completely replaced by the 802.11n wireless standard.

Evolution schedule of Wi-Fi/802.11 technology

802.11g wireless devices with a transmission rate of at least 54Mbps have played a key role in promoting the development of Wi-Fi because they can provide relatively fast and smooth wireless applications for enterprises and consumer-grade fields, and the term "Wi-Fi" has entered people’s field of vision and gradually penetrated people’s hearts.

Wi-Fi protocol parameters

However, what really makes Wi-Fi expand its territory and dominate the world is the full roll-out of the 802.11n standard. Due to the introduction of MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) and carrier aggregation technology in 802.11n, the wireless rate has been rapidly upgraded to the well-known 300Mbps and 450Mbps wireless products. Moreover, 802.11n is not only compatible with the coverage advantages of 2.4GHz band wireless, but also supports the large bandwidth and high-speed transmission of 5GHz band wireless, which makes the applicability of 802.11n wireless products broader.

After that, whether in the consumer or enterprise field, it is actually the world of 802.11n standard, and it has become the standard protocol of various wireless devices.

802.11ac changes rapidly.

However, with the emergence of the 802.11ac wireless standard, the WLAN market has once again ushered in a new "king".

At present, 802.11ac has become the most mainstream wireless standard.

According to the WLAN (wireless local area network) market research data released by IDC on June 7, 2017,802.11ac has become a highlight in the consumer WLAN market in the first quarter of 2017.Revenue and shipments increased by 17.6% and 48.5% respectively.

802.11ac standard parameters

Even on enterprise-level wireless AP, the shipment of AP equipped with 802.11ac standard reached 70.9%, and the revenue accounted for 84.7%, which became the new power to replace 802.11n standard, and it is predicted that 802.11n will be completely eliminated by the end of 2018.

802.11ac became a highlight in the consumer WLAN market in the first quarter of 2017.

Then, after 802.11ac, which wireless standard seems to have quite good performance, will it bring a qualitative new leap to Wi-Fi?

The successor of 802.11ac will be 802.11ax.

The answer is only 802.11ax.

802.11ax Connecting Rod Next Generation Wi-Fi

As the next generation Wi-Fi of 802.11ac, the average throughput of 802.11ax in terms of theoretical wireless rate can reach four times that of 802.11ac standard.

The theoretical throughput of 802.11ax can reach four times that of 802.11ac.

However, if we look at the transmission rate alone, will the 802.11ad standard, which was once heated up and can provide 7Gbps high speed, also have a chance to become the successor of the next generation of Wi-Fi?

Not really. It turns out that 802.11ad uses 60GHz frequency band for transmission, which has very limited coverage and huge transmission loss, and is only suitable to exist as a complementary protocol of Wi-Fi. Therefore, 802.11ad is only awarded a title of "Baylor", officially known as WiGig.

802.11ad will only be complementary to Wi-Fi protocol.

The "Crown Prince" –802.11ax in the development route of IEEE 802.11 protocol family not only has obvious technical advantages in transmission rate, anti-interference and compatibility, but also has the characteristics of great concurrency, stability and energy saving superior to the previous generation standards. Therefore, it has officially become the next generation Wi-Fi standard to replace 802.11ac.

Three major technologies introduce 802.11ax

Since it can be established as a "successor", 802.11ax naturally has some extraordinary potential.

Next generation wireless standard 802.11ax

Firstly, in terms of transmission, 802.11ax introduces a higher-order modulation and coding scheme.1024QAMCompared with the highest 256QAM in 802.11ac, it has higher coding and modulation efficiency. For example, in the case of a single stream with 80MHz bandwidth, the theoretical rate of 802.11ac is 433Mbps, and 802.11ax can reach 1.73Gbps. However, in the case of multi-stream transmission with 160MHz bandwidth, the speed increase will be more significant.

802.11ax introduces a higher-order 1024QAM modulation and coding scheme.

Secondly, in terms of spectrum utilization, 802.11ax will be used in 4G LTE cellular base stations.OFDMA(orthogonal frequency division multiple access), that is, orthogonal frequency division multiple access technology is introduced, which allows users to occupy only a subset of subcarriers in a specified time, greatly improving the utilization efficiency of the same channel bandwidth.

OFDMA technology is introduced.

In addition, because 802.11ax adopts new spatial multiplexing technology, it can effectively identify air interface conflicts and retreat, and further improve the performance of interference signal identification and noise reduction by combining dynamic idle channel evaluation and dynamic power control.

Moreover, it isUplink MU-MIMO(Multi-user Multiple Input Multiple Output) technology, although MU-MIMO technology is applied in the 802.11ac standard, the uplink multi-user mode is new and unique in 802.11ax, which can improve the synchronous transmission performance of multiple wireless terminals to Wi-Fi access point (AP).

Uplink MU-MIMO is introduced.

Taking the current 802.11ac standard as an example, if the bandwidth of 160MHz is used, the theoretical wireless transmission rate with the highest single stream can reach 866Mbps, while 802.11ax can easily increase the transmission rate to 3.5Gbps. If 4 x 4 MIMO "four lanes" is added, the theoretical data throughput of 802.11ax will soar to 14Gbps, which even exceeds the transmission speed of some fiber-optic broadband.

Will welcome a new wave of upgrading.

802.11ax is suitable for Wi-Fi applications in high-density scenes.

All the above features are obviously the arrival of 802.11ax, which has satisfied the users’ appetite. It can be predicted that in the future, in high-density scenes such as stations, airports, schools and stadiums, people will be able to connect to the Wi-Fi network freely and smoothly, without worrying about such embarrassing situations as dropped calls and jams. Even an efficient wireless transmission mechanism can save power for wireless terminals such as mobile phones and improve battery life.

The 6th generation Wi-Fi has arrived.

Now the 802.11ax wireless chip has come out, and the first batch of home routers supporting 802.11ax have just appeared, which makes people feel that a new wave of Wi-Fi update is accelerating. Once the 802.11ax wireless standard is finalized, a large number of wireless terminal devices will quickly converge to 802.11ax, and the sixth generation Wi-Fi era will really begin.

Wen | Zero One

Most of the National Day films didn’t perform as expected, and Operation Moscow was a particularly regrettable one.

As of October 5th, The Moscow Action was released for 7 days, with a total score of 374 million yuan, ranking fourth in the schedule. Although the attendance rate has been slightly ahead for several days, the total box office is still behind Rock-solid, Previous 4 and Volunteers: Attack by Soldiers. Word-of-mouth is obviously higher and lower. The score of "Moscow Action" reaches 7.3, which is the first in the same period, but after a few days, the score of Douban has dropped to 6.8, which is higher than that of films in the same period.

Operation Moscow is the fourth film released by director Qiu Litao during the year, and the first three films all failed in word-of-mouth box office. The box office of Assassination Storm, Pursuit of the Jedi was only tens of millions, and that of Anti-drug 3: Man in the End of the World was only 284 million, which was 1 billion+less than the second film in the same series. The three consecutive box office attacks almost offset the historical achievements of commercial films accumulated by director Qiu Litao in Shock Wave 2’s Anti-drug 2.

The reason why the box office performance of this film is "regrettable" is mainly because "Moscow Action" has been the most neat "action" directed by Qiu Litao this year, and it is a good quality finished product of this high-yield director, and it also has some merits in the film’s personal style and aesthetics. And "Moscow Action" is different from the first three films in 2023. This film is starring and supervised by Andy Lau, which is closer to the lineup of two 1 billion+films directed by Qiu Litao in Shock Wave 2’s "Anti-Drug 2" and has more topical themes. Therefore, it is still considered promising to reach the box office range of more than 900 million before the release. However, with the overall decline of the box office, the lighthouse AI of "Moscow Action" predicts that the box office has reached 599 million, and the cat’s eye predicts 6.

The box office performance of this film is still mediocre. Perhaps the style of classic Hong Kong films has really lost its surprise and charm, or perhaps mainland audiences have lost sympathy for this kind of shooting technique represented by Qiu Litao.

Operation Moscow is based on the first real case of cross-border pursuit in China. In the early 1990s, the Soviet Union disintegrated and the Russian economy was close to collapse. A large number of China profiteers took the K3 Beijing-Moscow international train to resell China’s goods to Russia to obtain sky-high profits. The bandit group headed by Huang Xuan as Miao Qingshan looted the K3 train, and then the police team led by Zhang Hanyu disguised as businessmen and went deep into Moscow to arrest them.

Generally speaking, "Moscow Action" is still too formal, and it still belongs to the kind of film that is relatively rough in many details. There are not many unexpected things, and the action drama is full and the characterization is weak. It seems that the common success of Shock Wave 2’s literary drama and action drama is only a flash in the pan.

Compared with Hong Kong film assembly line style Assassination Storm and Anti-drug 3, the first highlight of Operation Moscow is the sense of the times. The film begins with Black Panther band’s "Ashamed", and with a nostalgic lens with vague visual texture, the music and visual symbolism quickly pull the audience into that changing restless era.

The biggest attraction and selling point of "Moscow Action" is all kinds of online explosion scenes and action scenes. From the first act, it has created a crazy and fast overall rhythm, and the action scenes of the whole movie are full. The robbery on the train highlights the gangsters’ sense of madness and terror, and then the street car chase, the sewer motorcycle chase, the airport gun battle, the jeep blocking the fighter plane, and the last train track change battle are definitely called "a lot of action scenes", and each scene and action scheduling are not difficult.

In a general crime movie, it is likely that the action drama will end in the motorcycle chase in the sewer, but Qiu Litao is obviously not satisfied with this. He used his own good way one after another to fill almost all the movie time with action dramas with sufficient weight, excitement and excitement.

However, this practice also brings two problems: First, the over-saturated gunfight and explosive action scenes create too chaotic impressions, and the battle often begins and ends in a sudden outburst and indiscriminate bombing, making it difficult for the audience to even distinguish the war situation; Secondly, there is not enough ample space for characterization, which leads to the weakness and failure of the main characters of the pros and cons.

The problem of action drama can be said to be the director’s personal preference and the defects of scheduling and lens. Qiu Litao’s several action dramas are exciting enough for a large number of people, but after careful study, there are holes in the plot to be filled. It is hard to say whether it is a scene for the sake of the scene and an explosion for the sake of the explosion.

However, the problem of characterization is more due to the roughness caused by the shooting concept. According to common sense, the justice team represented by Zhang Hanyu has little space, but Miao Qingshan, the perverted villain played by Huang Xuan, and Vasily, the gray centrist played by Andy Lau, have great space to play. However, the film is still presented in a stereotyped and monotonous characterization way, which eventually leads to the lack of prominent characters and memory points.

For example, Miao Qingshan is an antisocial pervert who loves classical music, and Vasily is "for his daughter" all the time. The characters have a heavy sense of labels, but at the same time they lack bedding and multi-faceted shaping, which makes the characters "instrumental" too strong. Miao Qingshan actually has great potential to shine, and Huang Xuan’s performance can actually be called in place, but it is difficult to leave a strong shock like those successful contrast abnormal villains in the film history, mainly because the whole film does not pay attention to the narrative perspective and focus of this character.

In the first half of the film, Miao Qingshan was as bad as the "clown" in the Batman movie for no reason, and as a cruel villain who loved classical music as Gary Oldman in The Killer is Not Too Cold and Lei Yaoyang in the gangster. However, these settings did not become the starting point for the progressive plot of the film, and the low correlation between the characters and the plot led to too many "abandoned plays". In the end, after being caught eating jiaozi, Huang Xuan, who was crazy for a whole game, suddenly revealed his true feelings to express his childhood misfortune, which was extremely abrupt, mediocre and lacked bedding, and failed to form a colorful figure facade.

It should be noted that Miao Qingshan is already the character with the most ink and the strongest drama conflict in Moscow Action, and the characterization effect of Miao Qingshan is so general, which shows that the characters in the whole movie are weak and rough. Vasily played by Andy Lau is a vulgar parent-child drama, which only has a certain interpretation space in the final blind plot, far less than Shock Wave 2; What is even more unacceptable to the female audience is that the female characters in the whole movie are either cut by QJ or throat, all of which are vague, and almost no female characters have inner drama presentation and expression.

But in any case, "Moscow Action" is still one of the best action films and gunfight films in the cinema market in 2023, and it is full of directors’ expertise. Even if the score drops to 6.8, Action in Moscow is still the highest-rated new film directed by Qiu Litao in 2023. This film is definitely not a bad film. Compared with Assassination Storm and Anti-drug 3, which work for old faces such as Liu Qingyun and Louis Koo, Action in Moscow has more personalized expressions, but it continues to carry forward the crazy and destructive temperament of Qiu Litao action movies. The overall impression is that

The overall temperament of Operation Moscow is a typical cast style of Hong Kong films in the golden age, which is in the same strain as Shock Wave 2’s Anger and Serious Crime and Detective Wars in recent years.

However, it is worth mentioning that since 2023, almost all films of the same type have declared box office failure in Chinese mainland cinema market, and the "guaranteed effect" of familiar faces such as Louis Koo, Liu Qingyun, Aaron Kwok and Andy Lau is getting lower and lower.

Only a few years ago, Hong Kong-style action films such as Anti-Drug 2 and Shock Wave 2’s Anger and Serious Crime were able to win 1 billion+box office. Last year, the film market was in a downturn, but there were 712 million Detective Wars, 679 million Tomorrow’s War and 481 million Anti-Corruption Storm 5 in Hong Kong films. Since 2023, Action in Moscow has been the highest box office of Hong Kong films with cast style. The mainland market of Bitter Counsel, which broke the local box office record in Hong Kong, is only 187 million, and a large number of films gathered by Hong Kong stars, such as When the Wind Comes Again, Assassination Storm and Don’t Call me Gambling God, have not broken 100 million. It can be seen that it is increasingly difficult for both emerging Hong Kong films and "ancient" Hong Kong flavor to become the mainland film market.

At the beginning of the year, when The Wind Comes Again failed at the box office, Reading Entertainment commented that "Hong Kong films are unlikely to return to the cultural influence that swept across East Asia and even the world in the golden age, but this does not mean the demise of the Hong Kong film market, but the creators need to see the needs of the target audience more clearly-those who have feelings for traditional Hong Kong films and those who are filled with imported visual blockbusters, what they want to see may not be the same, and practitioners must find this focus from the beginning.

But now it seems that the change is more rapid than expected. For example, in Qiu Litao’s films this year, Jedi Pursuit and Moscow Action are both blockbuster films in his personal career, but it seems that the market no longer catches a cold for this abundant and vigorous style. On the other hand, the summer file has created a new height of short video film marketing, but the National Day file with a lot of theme lineups has failed to achieve a replica of the market effect, which shows that the uncertainty of the current film market trend is extremely high.

The main products of Anti-drug 3 are Yingming Culture, Universal Entertainment, Lianrui Film, etc., Assassination Storm is Yindu Institution, Upgraded Media, Taobao Film, etc., Jedi Pursuit is iQiyi Film, and Moscow Action is Chinese Film, Gravitational Film, Shangshi Culture, etc. Although the output is more, the production companies that directed films in Qiu Litao have been diversified since 2023, which shows that their capabilities in the industry have been more extensive. At present, there are still many films being made or finished in Qiu Litao, and it is still his normal state to have assembly-line production and occasional excellent works. However, since 2023, his box office performance has been really bleak. If it is difficult to make achievements again, the follow-up film and television companies may not be so enthusiastic about it.

* Original article, please indicate the source when reprinting.

　　Autophagy is a measure for cells to save themselves by digesting some superfluous things in adversity, aiming at maintaining basic life activities.

　　Our reporter Fang Linlin

　　Interpretation of the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

　　The 2016 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to yoshinori ohsumi for his discovery of autophagy mechanism. This is an evolutionary conservative process, that is, eukaryotic cells can be partially recycled by transporting double-membrane vesicles to lysosomes. Different from other mechanisms of cell degeneration, autophagy can remove aging or damaged protein, macromolecular complexes and organelles, leaving room for participating in new physiological processes. In addition, autophagy is a key cellular process to remove invading microorganisms and toxic protein aggregates, so it plays an important role in fighting infection, aging and many human diseases.

　　Although autophagy was confirmed in the 1960s, in the following decades, scientists still knew little about its mechanism and physiological significance. Yoshinori ohsumi’s work has significantly changed people’s understanding of this important cellular process.

　　In 1993, yoshinori ohsumi published his pioneering discovery among 15 genes in yeast. Subsequently, he cloned these genes in yeast and mammalian cells and clarified the function of encoding protein. Based on yoshinori ohsumi’s pioneering discovery, the importance of autophagy in human physiology and diseases is now widely recognized.

　　Since the birth of the concept of autophagy, the research progress has been limited.

　　In the middle of last century, researchers found that there was a membrane structure containing degenerated cytoplasm in normal rat hepatocytes, but its abundance would be greatly increased after glucagon infusion or exposure to toxic substances.

　　In 1963, Christian Renede Duve coined the word "autophagy" after realizing that this structure has the ability to digest part of the contents of cells, and discussed this concept extensively in his published articles. A few years later, based on the observation results of electron microscope, scientists found that this autophagy also existed in mammalian cells.

　　Then, it was found that autophagy itself was at a low level, but it was aggravated during the differentiation and remodeling of various tissues including brain, intestine, kidney, lung, liver, prostate, skin and thyroid. It is speculated that autophagy may respond to hunger or disease. Besides autophagy in unicellular eukaryotes, this mechanism has also been found in metazoa such as amoeba, euglena, Tetrahymena, insects and frogs.

　　In the following decades, the progress in this field was limited. There are many indications that autophagy may be an important cellular process, but its mechanism and law are not well understood. In fact, the autophagy process is short-lived, and only exists in about 10-mdash; Within 20 minutes, this makes the related morphological and biochemical research very difficult.

　　Until the early 1990s, nearly 30 years later, many fundamental questions remained to be confirmed: How did autophagy start? How is autophagy formed? How important is autophagy to the survival of cells and organisms? What role does autophagy play in human diseases?

　　Autophagy mechanism found in yeast

　　Yoshinori ohsumi, an associate professor at the University of Tokyo, decided to use baker’s yeast as a model system to study autophagy. After checking that autophagy does exist in yeast cells, he developed a method to identify and identify the key genes involved in these processes. He named the first mutant gene autophagy gene 1(APG1), and then reported a series of genes that are essential for autophagy mechanism in eukaryotic cells, named APG1-APG15. With the identification of new autophagy genes in yeast and other species, ATG, as a gene abbreviation, has been used uniformly in subsequent academic research.

　　In the next few years, yoshinori ohsumi cloned ATG gene, and described the functions of a series of protein products, including proving in the laboratory that autophagy can participate in mediating the metabolic balance between the synthesis, degradation and reuse of cellular materials, and affect the biological life process, especially in response to hunger.

　　Yoshinori ohsumi’s pioneering research aroused scientists’ great interest in autophagy. This field has become one of the hottest fields in biomedical research, and the number of related publications has increased significantly since 2000.

　　Have a wide impact on health and disease.

　　The autophagy of molecules provides a new vision to understand the physiological process of cells, and it has gradually become an important way to understand various physiological and pathological States. The imbalance of autophagy mechanism is directly or indirectly related to human diseases, so it has become a particularly interesting scientific goal to apply autophagy mechanism to therapeutic intervention.

　　The first autophagy related to important diseases comes from the autophagy gene Beclin-1, which is the product of BECN1 gene, which is a homologue of yeast ATG6, and its mutation has caused breast cancer and ovarian cancer to a great extent. This discovery aroused great interest of scientists in autophagy in cancer.

　　Follow-up studies show that some recessive human chromosome diseases are related to impaired autophagy, which leads to brain malformation, developmental retardation, mental retardation, epilepsy, dyskinesia and neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, autophagy can eliminate invading microorganisms and is an important mechanism to activate immune response and control infectious diseases.

　　　　　　 CCTV News:According to the news released by New Zealand Prime Minister Aden today (15th), 40 people have been killed and more than 20 others have been seriously injured in the shooting at two mosques in Christchurch. Aden said that the death toll in the two mosques was 30 and 10 respectively.

　　　　　　 Aden also said that New Zealand has raised the national security threat level to the highest level. She also pointed out that the police have arrested four suspects, none of whom are on the police surveillance list.

New Zealand Prime Minister Aden

　　　　　　 After the shooting incident in Christchurch, New Zealand, the police quickly launched a search operation. In an interview on the 15th, the head of the New Zealand police further introduced the relevant situation.

　　　　　　 The two shootings on the 15th took place in two local mosques in Christchurch. After the shooting incident, the police immediately launched a raid and advised people not to go out as much as possible. The head of the New Zealand police said in an interview with the media that four people were arrested and the suspects included three men and one woman. The police found some improvised explosive devices installed on vehicles and disposed of them.

　　　　　　 At present, the police are not sure whether there are more people involved. It is reported that the suspects include a 28-year-old white man born in Australia. In addition, officials have advised all local mosques to close.

　　　　　　 After the attack, New Zealand Prime Minister Aden delivered a national speech, saying that "this is one of the darkest days in New Zealand".

　　　　　　 In addition, it was verified by the Consulate General of China in Christchurch and the local police that there were no reports of China citizens being killed or injured in the shooting incident.

　　　　　　 When the shooting happened, some people immediately called the police after hearing the gunshots, and some people were at the scene, very close to the gunman, to see the eyewitness’s story.

　　　　　　 Witness: "At about 1: 45, I heard a loud gunshot and stopped. Then there was a second gunshot and I started running. At that time, many people were still sitting on the ground, and gunshots came from the door. I ran behind the mosque, hid behind a shelter and called the police. "

　　　　　　 Witness: "The shooting happened at about 1: 42, and the gunman came in and shot. In fact, I didn’t see him, because I was lying under the bench. If I came out, I would definitely be hit. "

　　　　　　 Witnesses: "About 3 to 4 minutes after the activity started, we heard gunshots coming from the entrance, and then everyone ran to the back door to save themselves. At that time, the gunman had been firing and one of us was shot in the arm. "